Ar leh Sangha khawipawlh (Poultry cum Fish farming)

AR LEH SANGHA KHAWIPAWLH (POULTRY CUM FISH FARMING)

Thuhmahruai:

Sangha leh ran dang khawi kawp hi thil hautak lo tak, hlawk tak si a ni a. India ramah phei chuan chhungtinte hi tunhma atanga ranvulh uar mi an ni deuh fur a ni. Chuvangin hun leh hmun te, tha leh zung sen belh em em ngai lovin heng ran Vawk, Ar, Varak, Bawng etc. te nena sangha khawi kawp hi a remchang em em a ni. Hetiang anga sangha leh thildang khawi/vulh kawp hi "Integrated Fish Farming" an ti a. Hetianga sangha leh ran dang vulh kawp hian farmer te sum leh pai dinhmun nasa taka a chawikan mai bakah mhlawhna tha takah a tling thei bawk. Tin, chaw tha, chakna protein a tipung a, mipuite hriselna lamah a pui bawk a ni.

Poultry Cum Fish Farming:

Ar leh sangha khawi kawp hi Poultry cum Fish Farming an ti a. Hetianga khawi pawlh hian sangha thar a tihlawkin senso tlem zawkin sum tarn zawk a hailuh theih a, tin, arsa leh artui pawh tarn tak a thar chhuah theih bawk.

Ar chi tha vulh hi kum 20 liam ta vel atang khan India ramah pawh a lo thangchho nasa hle a. Mizoramah pawh a sa emaw a tui emaw atanga hlawkna hmuh tumin Ar vulhtu pawh kan pung ta hle a ni. Sangha dil hmun rem deuh nei leh awmchilh thei te tan chuan Ar leh Sangha khawi pawlh hi a hlawk hle a ni. Sanghate tan a hranpaa chaw leh lei tha te lei ngai lovin, ar ek chuan sanghate chu a chawm mai thei a. Hun, sum, tha leh hmun sen belh ngai lem lovin ar vulh pahin sangha te chu ei thamin an lo thanglian mai thin a ni. Tawng upain lungte pakhata sava pahnih vawm thlak a sawi ang deuh hi a ni mai awm e.

AR LEH SANGHA KHAWI KAWP THATNA TE:

* Ar ek hi bawng ek aiin a tak tha a, phosphorus leh nitrogen pawh a pai tam zawk a ni.

* Bawng ek aiin ar ek hi dil lei titha turin hman tam a ngai lo zawk.

* Arte hi chaw tha taka chawm an ni a. Chaw an ei zing a, an e zing bawk a. An ek hi partially digested an nih avangin an chaw a chakna engemawzat kha an la pai thei a ni.

* Ar ek chu sanghate tan chaw tha tak a nih mai bakah an ei bangte chu dil lei titha tu niin sangha chaw plankton nasa takin a tipung thei a ni.

* Lei tha (Fertilizer) dang leh sangha chaw hran pek a . ngaih loh avangin sangha khawia senral ngai zat 60% in a tlahniam a ni.

SANGHA DIL BUATSAIH DAN:

* Hlawk taka sangha khawi tur chuan mithiam ten tih tur an tih ang thlap a dil buatsaih a tul.

* Sangha dil chu tuihna kang lo, kumtluana tuihna tha leh dila tui duhtawk awm reng na a ni tur a ni.

* Kil li nei, 0.4 ha vel a zau, a dung sei deuh ni se la, a enkawl a nuam tawk.

* Sangha dil awnina chu lei thur lutuk emaw al lutuk emaw anih chuan sangha an thang tha thei thin lo.

* Lei pH chu 6.5 - 7.5 vel a nih chuan a hang tawk chauh a, sangha tan a tha tawk a ni.

* Lei thur lutuk pH 6.5 aia hniam te sangha ngeih tawk chauh a siam tur chuan chinai hman a tul thin.

• Chinai hi leithur lutuk siamthatna mai ni lovin, sangha dil lei leh tui tih thianghlimna leh natna hrik thenkhat tih rem nan a tha bawk.
• Sangha dah hma in chinai kan hman tur zatve chu dilah phul tur a ni.
• A bak zawng chu turn 2-emaw turn 4 emaw vel phul a hman tur a ni.

TUI HNIM THENFAI:
•    Dil chhungah tui hnim tamtaka lo awm hian Sangha te tan harsatna tamtak a thlen thei.
•    Dil tuia oxygen sangha te hip ve tur a tih tlem phah thei a, sangha te chet velna tur pawh a dal thei.
•    Heng hnim te hi sangha note ei chi aquatic insects then khat ten tui nan an hman mai bakah bihruk nan an hmang tangkai em em a ni.
•    Heng kan sawi tak te avang khian tui hnim te hi dil atanga thenfai zung zung tur a ni. Tui hnim thianfai tur hian a hautak dan a zir in hmanraw hmang in emaw, damdawi (Chemical) hmang in emaw, hetiang hnim ei duh chi dil adah e.g Grass Carp emaw a tih rem theih a ni.
 

SANGHA THALO TIH REM:
•    Kan sangha khawi duh chi ni lo, sangha dang preda tory fish leh weed fish e.g - Nghavawk, Nghakhing, Nghameidum, etc. te kan dil ah an awm chuan sangha dah luh hma in suat vek phawt tur a ni.
•    Predatory fish kan tih te hian sangha note an ei thin.
•    Weed fishes te hian sangha note ei lo mahse, kan sangha khawite boruak, chaw leh hmun an chuhpui nasa a, chuvang in sangha khawi te an than tur angin an than theih loh phah fo.
•    Sangha dil te deuhah chuan lenkhang-a vawi tarn tak hrut chhuahin sangha tha lo te hi a tihrem mai theih. Tin, dil tui sahkang emaw, pump hmanga paihchhuah vek a, dil mawng pho ro a tha.
•    Dil lian deuhah chuan len hmanga suat rem a har a, chuvangin damdawi hman a ngai thin. Tin, hnim thenkhat hmang pawhin a suatrem theih.
•    A tur hnathawh hi Ni 7 - 8 chhung a chambang thei.
•    Sangha tha lo leh rannung dang suat nana damdawi lam emaw, thlai lam emaw kan hmang a nih pawhin a tur hnathawh a reh fel vek hma chu sangha te dilah chhuah loh tur a ni.
•    Mahua oil cake (Basia latifolia) 200 - 250 ppm a hman hian darkar 3-10 chhungin sangha tha lo te chu a ti hlum thei.
•    Mahua oil cake tur hnathawh hi Ni 20 vel chhung a chambang thei.
•    Mahua oil cake hian sangha chhia a tih rem mai bakah dil lei a ti tha tel bawk a ni.
•    Tea seed cake (Camellia sinensis) 75 -100 ppm a chaka dil a hman hian sangha tha lo te tihrem nan a tangkai hle bawk.
•    A tur hnathawh hi Ni 10 -12 chhung a chambang thei.
•    Tea seed cake hian sangha tihhlum bakah dil lei a ti tha tel bawk.
•    Bleaching powder 25 - 30 ppm a chaka hmanin darkar 3-4 chhungin rannung leh sangha tha lo te an thi vek thei.
•    A tur hnathawh hi Ni 7 - 8 chhung a chambang thei.
•    Sangha tha lo leh rannung dang suat nana damdawi lam emaw, thlai lam emaw kan hmang a nih pawhin a tur hnathawh a reh fel vek hma chu sangha te dilah chhuah loh tur a ni.
 
 
SANGHA KHAWI TUR THLAN:
•    Sangha khawi chi chi hrang hrangte hi an chaw zawnna hmun a hrang thluah a. Heng chi hrang hrang khawi pawlh hian hlawk zawkin dil chhunga sangha chaw awm te chu a chhawr tangkai theih a, a thar hlawk zawk em eem a ni. Sangha khawi pawlh chi te chu - Silver carp, Catla, Rohu, Mrigal leh Com¬mon carp te hi an ni.
•    Dil hectare khatah sangha note (fmgerlings) 6000 vel a dah theih.
AR IN SAK:
•    Ar in hi dil chungah emaw, dil kotlang remchang laiah a sak theih.
•    Ar note te chu kar 2 a upa an nih thlengin 'Brooder' an tih mai - mau a hung kuam a, a chhuatah chuan phuai dip inch chanve (1/2 inch) vela chhah dah tur.
•    Ar note 200 tan brooder 3m biala zau a tawk.
•    Dil cnunga ar in kan sak cnuan ar 250 dahna atan ar in 17m x 12m x 3m a zau a tawk.
•    A sakna hmamua atan chuan mau emaw, thildang hmarirua man tlawm deuh chi a hman theih.
•    A bang chu a phui lutuk tur a ni lova, boruak thianghlim tha takin a lut tlang thei tur a ni.
•    A chhuat atan thir len awng sin emaw, phelsep kalh emaw a hman theih.
•    Len awng 1/2 inch emaw phelsep kalh emaw a nih chuan a awng zau zawng chu 1cm vel a zau nise, ar ek te dilah a tla zung zung thei a ni.
•    An len dan azirin ar pakhat zel tan 0.1 -0.4 m2 vela zau hisap tur a ni.
•    Chaw pekna thleng leh tui chhawpna dah bawk tur a ni.
•    Ar in hi tui chim chin atanga 1/2 m (metre chanve) vel tala sanga sak tur a ni.
•    Dil kam remchang laia ar in kan sa anih chuan a chung 'V anga zuma sak a tha.
•    A chhuat chu Cement a zut tur a ni.
•    Ni eng leh boruak tha tak lut theia sak tur a ni.
•    Ar in pakhatah ar 250 aia tam lo dahna tura hisap nise.
 
 

AR VULH TUR THLAN:
•    Ar chi tha leh vulh hlawk tur kan thlang tur a ni.
•    Ar tui tam chi (layers) chi hrang hrang vulh atana hlawk chite chu :-
•    BV 300
•    Rhode island
•    Leghorn
•    Star cross shaver
•    Kalinga brown
•    Ar thang chak chi (Broiler) chi hrang hrang vulh atana hlawk chite chu :-
•    Shaver stabro
•    Hybro Hebard
•    Vencobb
Dil hectare khata sangha dahte chawm turin ar 500 - 600 a tawk.

SANGHA KHAWI TUR THLAN LEH DILA DAH:
•    Sangha chi 3 emaw chi 6 emaw khawipawlh tur thlan tur a ni.
•    Catla : Rohu : Mrigal te kan thlang a nih chuan, 40% : 30% : 30% a khawipawlh tur a ni.
•    Catla : Rohu : Mrigal : Grass carp : Silver carp : Common carp te kan thlanga kan khawi pawlh dawn a nih chuan hetiang zat theuh hian a dah theih:
Catla - 20%
Rohu - 20%
Mrigal - 15%
Grass carp - 10%
Silver carp - 20%
Common carp - 15%
•    Sangha leh ar vulh kawp hian dil hectare khata zauah sangha 5000 - 6000 vel dah tur a ni.
 
AR VULH DAN:
Ar keu hlim kan vulh a nih chuan Ni 14-a upa an nih thlengin a hmalama kan tarlan tawh Brooder an tihah khan dah phawt tur a ni.
•    Brooder-a dah lai hian ar note dahna chu 28-38° C vela boruak chu tihlum reng tur a ni.
•    Hetiang ti tur hian electric hmanga boruak tihlumna 'Hoover' an tih mai 300 watt a chak emaw electric bulb 4(pali), 200 watt theuh chu ar note 200 tan a tawk vel a ni.
•    Ar te hian natna chi hrang hrang an vei ve thei a, chuvangin a venna rura chiu thin tur a ni.
•    Ar te hi beisei ang taka thang chak tur emaw rui tarn tur emaw chuan an mahni chaw bik rura siam an chi a hran ang leh an upat dan a zirin a awm a. Bazar-ah te lei theih mai turin a awm reng a ni.
•    Ar chaw lar deuh deuhte chu :-
•    Ar in chu thianghlim taka vawn tur a ni.
•    Thianghlimna hian harsatna leh natna tarn tak lakah a venghim thei a ni.
•    Engtik lai pawhin rui thianghlim in tur chhawp reng tur a ni.
•    Ar in-ah chuan 2 ft. vela hlai hlum thleng dar dah a, chutah chuan vaivut dah tur a ni. Hei hi ar in-ah chuan ar te'n an thai tur a dah ve tur a ni.
•    Layer ho tan an tuina turin bawm emaw dah tur a ni.
•    Ar in chhung hi electric bulb 200 watt hmanga ur lum tur a ni.
•    Bulb pakhat hi ar 50 zel tana hisap tur a ni.
•    Ar vulh zingah a inhliam palh leh damlo deuh nia hriatte chu lak hran a, an dam fel hma chu a hrana enkawl leh dah hran tur a ni.
•    A chaw chungchangah te, a enkawl leh natna, harsatna chungchangahte hriat duh kan neih chuan Vety Hospital-ah emaw, Ran doctor(Vety Doctor) hnai ber hnenah a ranglama kal tur a ni.
 

AR TUI DAN:
•    A chaw tha taka pek chuan ar (layer) te chu kar 22-a upa an lo nihin an tui tan thin.
•    Kum khat leh a chanve an nih thlengin an tui zawm thei a ni.
•    Hemi hnuah erawh hi chuan an tui hlawk tawh lo deuh thin a ni.

AR EK SANGHA TAN:
•    Sangha leh ar vulh kawp hian sangha te chuan ar ek chu chaw-ah an ring mai thin.
•    Ar ek-ah hian sangha tana tangkai thil tarn tak a awm a, chungte chu :-
* Moisture - 78%
* Total solids - 25.3%
* Organic matter - 26%
* Nitrogen - 1.6%
* Phosphorus - 0.7%
* Potassium - 0.7%
* Calcium - 2.4%
•    Ar ek chu Ni chhuah hnuah tuktinin 50-60 kg dil hectare khata zauah dah tur a ni.
•    Ar ek sanghate ei sen loh a awm chuan dil lei ti thatuah tangin, chu chuan sangha te tan chaw tha(plankton) nasa takin a tipung thei a ni.
•    Dil tui chu a lo hring duk nghulh a, pat ek te a lo awm chuan ar ek chu dah zawm loh tur a ni.
•    Dil tui rawng a pangngai leh hunah chauh ar ek te chu pek chhunzawm leh tur a ni.
 

DIL VAWN THIANGHLIM:
•    Ar ek thli te dilah luan luh tir a nih avangin, an ei ral sen loh a bangnawi te khan dil tui a ti bawlhhlawh fo thin.
•    Hetiang bawlhhlawh hian dilah chuan boruak tha lo, sangha te tana hlauhawm thil hlauhawm an siam chhuak thei.
•    Sangha te boruak mamawh dissolved oxygen nasa takin a ti tlahniam thei bawk.
•    Heng harsatna veng tur hian dilah chuan tui thar lam luan luh tir reng a, a lehlamah tlem tlema dil tui paih chhuah a tui bawk.
•    Dil mawng dum te a khat tawka paihchhuah thin hian dil chhunga boruak chhia insiam tur a veng thei.
•    Thlatin lena hrut thin hian sangha te than dan a hriat theih mai bakah sangha natna hrikin a bawm leh bawm loh hriat a awlsam a, a hun taka enkawl theih a ni.
•    Lena hrut thin hian dil mawnga boruak chhe insiam te a paih chhuakin chaw tha (nutrients) te a hrut chhuah theih bawk.

 
A HLAWK THEI ANG BERA SENG:
•    Dil chu lena hrut a, sangha lian leh ei tham te chu man chhuah a, hralh then theih a ni (partial harvest).
•    Sangha man chhuah zat vel chu sangha note (Finger-lings) dilah chuan dahluh leh nghal zel tur a ni.
•    Artui chu tuktin leh tlaitin lakkhawm a, hralh thin tur a ni.
•    Layer te hi kum 11/2 thleng hlawk takin an tui thei a. Chumihnuah chuan a hlawk vak tawh loh avangin hralh mai tur a ni.
•    Broiler te hi hralh an tling hma em em a, 1.5 kg an nih chhoh chuan hralh a, a note thar vulh tan leh zel tur a ni.

A HLAWKNA:
•    Layer pakhat hian kum 1 chhungin 250-280 a tui thei.
•    Thla 2-3 velah Broiler hi hralh tham, 1.5-1.8 kg vel an lo thling thei thin.
•    Kum 1 chhungin hetiang hian turn 6 lai broiler hi a invulh chhawk theih.
•    Ar leh sangha kan vulh kawp hian hetiang hian hect¬are 1 ah kum 1 chhungin a hlawkna kan seng thei :-
* Sangha - 4500-5000 kg
* Arsa - 1250 kg
* Artui - 70,000 nos.